Cook rice with bay leaf and salt to taste until tender, about 15 minutes. While rice cooks, clean vegetables and cut into strips roughly 1 cm thick.
Season duck breasts with salt and pepper. Heat oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Sear duck breasts skin-side down until skin is golden, about 3-4 minutes. Transfer to a preheated oven at 160°C (320°F) and cook for 15 minutes.
Heat oil in a large skillet or wok over medium heat. Add vegetable strips and bean sprouts, stirring for 3-4 minutes. Stir in Ketjap Manis, sesame oil, minced garlic, ginger, and Sambal Oelek. Pour in poultry broth and fish stock, then simmer for 2-3 minutes until vegetables are tender-crisp.
Place cooked vegetables in the center of each plate. Slice duck breasts and arrange on top.
Transfer the vegetable sauce to a sauce boat. Serve rice separately, for example in a bamboo steamer lined with banana leaf.