Wash the rice, drain it. Heat the oil. Fry the onion and garlic until golden. Then add the spices (except for the salt and bay leaf), fry for 2 - 3 minutes. Add the rice and let it become translucent while stirring. Deglaze with 400 ml of water. Add salt and bay leaf.
Bring to a boil over high heat. Then IMMEDIATELY reduce the heat to the lowest possible level. Close the pot tightly with the lid, do not open it again. If you use a high quality stainless steel pan, stirring is unnecessary - it won`t burn (has never happened to me in the 10 years I`ve made this rice).
After 10 minutes the rice has soaked up all the liquid and is ready to serve. If you haven`t stirred, all the spices are on top of the rice and can simply be fished off if you don`t like them in the rice. Garnish with coriander leaves and / or fried onions. You can vary the spices - e.g., Whole cloves also go well with the rice.
On the subject of caraway: don`t worry: when seared, even normal caraway loses its typical caraway flavor completely! I usually hate cumin and only use it in Indian dishes if I sauté it beforehand. I sometimes eat this rice straight - it tastes so good.