Prepare the asparagus and cook it in water (not too soft). Drain and let cool.
In the meantime, peel the shallot and dice it finely. Add vinegar, oil, mustard, sugar, salt and a touch of chili powder and stir everything thoroughly.
Grate the Emmental cheese and cut the slices with the cooked ham into small pieces. Put both in the marinade and stir. Now cut the cooled asparagus into pieces and add them as well. Stir well and serve as cool as possible.